[467 Interview] Exploring the Role of Literature in Modern Society:

   Barry Welsh is an Assistant Professor at Dongguk University, specializing in English language. He is dedicated to fostering a dynamic learning environment for his students and actively participates in literary and cultural activities in Korea. He has hosted engaging events with notable Korean authors, facilitating discussions that bridge cultural gaps and enrich the literary community. Additionally, he has contributed to various media outlets, enhancing the discourse around literature and education. As the professor responsible for proofreading articles for The Dongguk Post, he plays a crucial role in maintaining high standards in student journalism, ensuring that their voices are clear and impactful.

Q: Please introduce yourself.

   I am Barry Welsh, an Assistant Professor at Dongguk University, where I teach English language, TESOL, and OPIc courses. My academic background includes an MA in TESOL from Sookmyung Women’s University, an MA in Film Studies from the University of Edinburgh, and a degree in English Literature and Film Studies from the University of Liverpool. Beyond teaching, I have been actively involved in literary and cultural activities in Korea. I have hosted literature and film events, reviewed books for KBS News 24 and EBS FM, and edited English content for K-Book Trends. My passion lies in literature, media, and education, and I enjoy helping students engage with language in meaningful ways.

Q: Could you share a particular experience or project that was especially meaningful or challenging in your career?

   One of the most meaningful projects I have worked on was hosting the Seoul Book and Culture Club. Over the years, I organized events where celebrated Korean authors like Shin Kyung-sook, Hwang Sok-yong, and Kim Young-ha spoke about their work. These events created a space for deep conversations about literature, translation, and culture, bringing together international and Korean readers. It reinforced my belief that literature is a bridge between cultures. Hosting these events was challenging because it required coordinating schedules, preparing insightful discussions, and ensuring the audience was engaged, but it was incredibly rewarding to see the impact it had on attendees.

Q: What do you think are the most important qualities for student studying English translation and interpretation or English literature to have?

   Curiosity, precision, and adaptability. Translation and interpreting require a deep understanding of both language and culture—it is not just about converting words but conveying meaning, nuance, and intent. Strong analytical skills help students grasp subtle differences in tone and register. English literature students should cultivate critical thinking and an appreciation for different perspectives, as literature is a reflection of human experiences across time and cultures. Finally, adaptability is crucial in both fields, as language and its use are constantly evolving with technology and globalization.

Q: How do you think the integration of technology, such as translation software and Artificial Intelligence (AI), is impacting the quality of translations in these field?

   Technology has undeniably transformed translation, making it faster and more accessible. AI-powered translation tools like DeepL and Chat GPT have improved significantly, handling routine translations with impressive accuracy. However, they still struggle with literary and nuanced texts. A machine might translate words, but it lacks the cultural sensitivity and creative intuition that a skilled human translator brings. For literary translation, the artistry of the translator is irreplaceable. I believe that the future lies in a hybrid approach—leveraging AI for efficiency while relying on human expertise for quality and depth.

Q: In a modern society that prioritizes STEM fields, what do you see as the role of literature in contemporary society?

   Literature remains essential in shaping how we understand ourselves and the world around us. While STEM fields drive innovation, literature nurtures empathy, critical thinking, and cultural awareness. It helps us explore ethical dilemmas, understand historical and contemporary issues, and develop a deeper appreciation for different perspectives. In a world increasingly driven by data and technology, literature reminds us of the human experience—our emotions, struggles, and aspirations. It also plays a role in social change, as books have historically challenged injustices and sparked important conversations.

Q: In your opinion, why do you think traditional media such as paper books and newspapers remain important in the digital age?

   Traditional media offers a depth and focus that digital platforms often lack. Reading a physical book or newspaper encourages deeper concentration and ref lection, unlike the fragmented, distraction-heavy nature of online reading. Paper books also have a sense of permanence and authority—they are carefully curated and edited, whereas online content can be ephemeral and unreliable. Additionally, there is a tactile, sensory pleasure in holding a book, which contributes to the reading experience. That being said, digital media expands accessibility, so I believe both can coexist and serve different purposes.

Q: What advice would you give to students who want to build a career in fields related to English literature or English translation?

   Read widely and practice constantly. For literature students, understanding different genres, styles, and historical contexts will broaden your analytical skills. Engage in discussions and write regularly—strong writing is essential in any literature-related career. For aspiring translators, fluency in both source and target languages is crucial, but cultural literacy is just as important. Try translating different types of texts to refine your skills. Also, take advantage of technology, but do not rely on it exclusively. Finally, networking is invaluable—attend literary events, join translation communities, and seek mentorship from professionals.

Q: You have always been involved in proofreading the articles with The Dongguk Post. What do you consider to be the characteristics of a “good article” and a “good newspaper”?

   A good article is clear, well-structured, and backed by strong research. It should be engaging, informative, and offer a fresh perspective. Accuracy and clarity are key—readers should trust that the information presented is reliable and well- articulated. A good newspaper balances depth with readability and serves the public by providing insightful, fair, and diverse reporting. It should challenge readers to think critically while also keeping them informed about the world.

Q: Are there any books you would recommend for Dongguk University students to read? If so, could you explain why you think they are important?

   I would love to recommend a few thought-provoking books that I believe will challenge perspectives and encourage critical thinking.

   The Biggest Prison on Earth by Ilan Pappé is a powerful and meticulously researched book that explores the history and reality of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It is an essential read for anyone interested in global politics, human rights, and historical narratives.

   Violated by Sarah Wilson is an eye-opening investigative work that examines issues of sexual violence and institutional accountability. It is an important book that sheds light on systemic failures and the resilience of survivors, making it a crucial read for those interested in social justice.

   The Black Orb by Ewhan Kim is a fascinating piece of contemporary Korean fiction. It blends mystery, philosophy, and social commentary, offering readers a unique and immersive literary experience. It is a great example of how Korean literature continues to evolve and engage with complex themes.

   Heretic by Ayaan Hirsi Ali is a bold and deeply personal book that argues for the need for reform in Islamic thought. As someone who has lived through and critically examined the challenges of religious extremism, Hirsi Ali presents arguments on freedom, secularism, and the struggles of modernizing societies. It is an important read for discussions on faith, ideology, and human rights.

   Each of these books provides valuable insights, whether in history, politics, social issues, or literature. I highly recommend them to students looking to expand their understanding of the world.

Q: As someone who regularly recommends books on social media, do you have a vision that you aim to achieve through these activities? How do you envision using your activities to inspire students and others?

   My primary goal is to encourage critical thinking and intellectual curiosity. Through my book recommendations, I want to help students challenge prevailing narratives, and develop the ability to analyze information critically.

   One of the biggest challenges in today’s world is the prevalence of propaganda—whether in politics, media, culture, or academia. I want to help students recognize propaganda, question assumptions, and distinguish between well-reasoned arguments and manipulative rhetoric. By recommending books that explore history, philosophy, politics, and literature from various angles, I aim to provide them with the tools to think independently and form their own well-informed opinions.

   In addition, I believe literature and intellectual exploration should be accessible and enjoyable. Whether I am recommending a classic novel, a contemporary work of non-fiction, or an underappreciated piece of Korean literature, my goal is to make reading a meaningful and transformative experience. If my recommendations help students develop a lifelong love of learning and the confidence to engage in thoughtful debate, then I consider that a success.